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Dr. Ashay H. Nandeshwar
M. D., (Ayu)(Mumbai)
(Podar Govt. Medical College)
P.G.D.M.L.T., L.Lb. (Sch)
Lecturer V.P.A.M.C.
Sangli |
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| Spleen – |
Lymphoid organ
Function of Speen
a) Role in defense of body –
The macrophones in splenic pulp phagocytose the microorganisms and other foreign bodies.
Spleen contains about 25% of T-lymphocyte and 15% of B-lymphocytes and forms the site of antibody production.
Function of Lymph –
It plays an important role in immunity by transporting lymphocytes.
Liver Function –
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The reticuloendothelial cells (kuffer’s cells) of liver play an important role in the defense of body.
Liver is also involved in the detoxification of the foreign bodies. (Detoxification means Reduction of toxic properties of a poisonous substance).
Foreign bodies like bacteria, antigens are swallowed and digested by recticuloendothelial cells of liver by means of phagocytosis.
The reticuloendothelial cells of liver are also involved in production of same substances like interleukine and tumour necrosis factors which activate the immune system of the body.
Detoxification – Removal of toxic property of the harmful agent occursin 2 ways –
i) Destruction by means of metabolic degradation
ii) By converting toxic substances into non-toxic materials by means of conjugation with glucuronic acid or sulfates.
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Effect of Sickle Cell Anaemia on Immunity:
So now it is very much clear that about all the organs from skin to Bonemarrow is involved in immunity.
So in sickle cell anaemia due to cellular hypoxia the skin is dry and scaly with rashes. Spleen and liver are also damage due to hypoxic changes and shows necrotic changes, due to necrosis liver and spleen also shows dysfunction and does not take active part in immunization. Bone on later on stages goes in bone crush condition, equally the bone marrow and thymus and other glands also suffer from hypoxic shocks so their function in immunity also hamper in sickle cell anaemia.
So it is clearly seen that sickle cell patients are less immune and are more susceptible to infections. |
| Effect of Blood transfusion on sickle cell anaemia. |
In my practice I have seen doctor’s loading S.C.D. patients with Blood transfusion. Just like I.V. fluids. They are not bothered about Iron overload; I have not seen a single patient on Iron chelating drugs though patients shows hepatomegaly and spleenmegaly.
So according to me such type of blood transfusions ultimately becomes the cause to damage liver spleen and S.C.D. patients.
So there should be a change in attitude while putting patients on blood transfusions.
Then transmission of disease from contaminated blood, the chances are fewer that the patients gets infected due to presence of unidentical pathogen or if the blood is donated in window period.
So more blood transfusion more chances are there that patient will get infected with blood bound disorders. |
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