|
|
 |
 |
Dr. Ashay H. Nandeshwar
M. D., (Ayu)(Mumbai)
(Podar Govt. Medical College)
P.G.D.M.L.T., L.Lb. (Sch)
Lecturer V.P.A.M.C.
Sangli |
| Read More |
|
|
|
|
 |
| Statistical Analysis: |
 |
|
 |
| No apparent trend can be observed in the above statistics. |
| Limitations and Scope for Improvement: |
| Improvements in the procedure: |
| 1 |
Before using them the slides should be washed with an acid, then rinsed in distilled water and then air-dried. This is done to make the slides free of alkaline substances if the cells are going to adhere. |
| 2 |
The slide should be made as soon as possible after the cells have been taken from the patient and collected in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). If you wait too long, the cells will lose their shape and the true shape is extremely important for diagnosing. This was a very big limitation in the experiment. |
| 3 |
The blood cells were not properly spread out in the above slides. This is was a very significant limitation of the experiment. Due to the over-lapping of the blood cells some there definitely must have been an error in counting. To overcome this limitation a thin capillary tube should have been used to take out the blood sample on to the slide. |
| 4 |
The Science Advisory Board has laid down specific protocols for preparing blood smears. According to the protocol the procedure should include the use of Smear Fix© on the wet preparation or the slide gently into a coplin jar of acetic alcohol (3% acetic acid in 95% methanol). These two solutions are fixative which helps to keep the blood cells stable. |
|
| Complications |
Sickle cell anaemia can lead to a host of complications, including:
* Stroke. A stroke can occur if sickle cells block blood flow to an area of your brain. Stroke is one of the most serious complications of sickle cell anemia. Signs of stroke include seizures, weakness or numbness of your arms and legs, sudden speech difficulties, and loss of consciousness. If your baby or child has any of these signs and symptoms, seek medical treatment immediately. A stroke can be fatal.
* Acute chest syndrome. This life-threatening complication of sickle cell anaemia causes chest pain, fever and difficulty breathing. Acute chest syndrome can be caused by a lung infection or by sickle cells blocking blood vessels in your lungs. It requires emergency medical treatment with antibiotics, blood transfusions and drugs that open up airways in your lungs. Recurrent attacks can damage your lungs.
* Pulmonary hypertension. About one-third of people with sickle cell anemia will eventually develop high blood pressure in their lungs (pulmonary hypertension). Shortness of breath and difficulty breathing are common symptoms of this condition, which can ultimately lead to heart failure.
* Organ damage. Sickle cells can block blood flow through blood vessels, immediately depriving an organ of blood and oxygen. In sickle cell anemia, blood is also chronically low on oxygen. Chronic deprivation of oxygen-rich blood can damage nerves and organs in your body, including your kidneys, liver and spleen. Organ damage can be fatal.
* Blindness. Tiny blood vessels that supply your eyes can get blocked by sickle cells. Over time, this can damage the retina — the portion of the eye that processes visual images — and lead to blindness.
* Skin ulcers. Sickle cell anaemia can cause open sores, called ulcers, on your legs.
* Gallstones. The breakdown of red blood cells produces a substance called bilirubin. Bilirubin is responsible for yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice) in people with sickle cell anemia. A high level of bilirubin in your body can also lead to gallstones.
* Priapism. Men with sickle cell anaemia may experience painful erections, a condition called priapism. As occurs in other parts of the body, sickle cells can block the blood vessels in the penis. This can damage the penis and eventually lead to impotence. |
|
|
|
|
